pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation

Listen to this crowd! And he said, "I used to be." But upon opening his skull, Mike's brain looked normal. Having said that, I still think it's something that we need to be concerned about. Morgan Stanley helps people, institutions and governments raise, manage and distribute the capital they need to achieve their goals. 45 had CTE. NARRATOR: He'd lost millions of dollars gambling. It goes awry. STEVE FAINARU: Congress saw it as a way to put the NFL's concussion policies on trial in the court of public opinion. The Super Bowl is a spectacle. The NFL knew it, but the players certainly didn't know it. NARRATOR: It is the brain of a former football player. It was pretty obvious, actually, the first interview that he had some type of cognitive impairment. And the dirtier and muddier it got made things better. During this whole run of research that's being published, the day of reckoning, where the league has to answer to somebody about what it's doing about concussions, just keeps getting pushed off and pushed off and pushed off. NARRATOR: Once one of Pittsburgh's greatest football heroes, Webster began living out of a pickup truck. NARRATOR: Seau was one of the most popular players and out of the league for only two years. ROBERT STERN, Ph.D., Neuropsychologist, Boston University: Those initial studies from the NFL were notorious in telling the world over and over and over again, "No, there's no relationship between hitting your head in football and later life problems. Reality therapy 9. And that just didn't make sense to anyone that's a scientist. NEWSCASTER: The National Football League says it will encourage current and former players to donate their brains, NARRATOR: As the story of the deal broke, NEWSCASTER: The NFL is donating $1 million towards the study. Or is it the result of steroid or drug abuse in a small number of NFL players? And thank you for coming.". MARK FAINARU-WADA: And one of the first things McKee notices is that there's only one other woman in the room, and it's not a doctor, it's a lawyer. Dr. ANN McKEE: We have examined thousands of brains, and this is not a normal part of aging. Every play was a fight. Subscribe with this We don't know if concussion in and of itself is what causes the abnormalities. NARRATOR: To her, it may be the beginnings of an epidemic. December 22, I mean, he just walks out of the room, and he takes his empty brain briefcase and he gets back on the plane, and he goes back to San Francisco without having any success. Simpson gets the call. JULIAN BAILES, M.D., Team Neurosurgeon, Steelers, 1988-97: For the most part, people didn't want to believe it's true. NARRATOR: At Harvard, Nowinski was a punishing tackler. NARRATOR: Casson insisted there was no evidence that football players were at risk for CTE. NARRATOR: His second in command and closest aide, Roger Goodell, took over. CHRIS NOWINSKI: At the beginning, when I first kind of got up the nerve to do it, you know, I wrote down a script and I prepared, I practiced, mentally preparing myself for wandering into someone's life like this. NEWSCASTER: talked about NFL owners as being like tobacco executives, NEWSCASTER: but I think it's seen as being plausible, NEWSCASTER: the NFL, similar to what the tobacco industry engaged in. "Yes, you played well." PAM WEBSTER: Mike would call this his greatest battle. What time is it? NARRATOR: Harry Carson has been studying the matter since he retired 25 years ago. ANNOUNCER: Another nice play by Owen Thomas. Paraphrasing content from first source . I thought that she presented herself, as I recall it's been several years that there was something something in her manner. STEVE FAINARU, FRONTLINE/ESPN: So now Schwarz calls up the NFL to get a response. JEANNE MARIE LASKAS, GQ, "Game Brain": He didn't understand why that would be, but he became more and more curious. Maybe there should be better evidence by now. And you know, if you're going up against top-flight players who are able to perfect those skills of hitting you upside the head, or you know, getting hit with an elbow or it's one of those things that at some point, you're going to pay for it down the line. NARRATOR: In a letter to the journal Neurosurgery, Dr. Pellman and other members of the NFL's MTBI committee attacked Dr. Omalu's paper. Each time that happens, it's around 20G or more. PETER KEATING: They went after him with missiles I mean, like a nuclear missile strike on a guy's reputation. So again, I think that's where we had we may have had an issue. So I tased him, and he goesand he goes to sleep. They will squash you. NARRATOR: McHale's addictions spiraled out of control pain killers, cocaine. September 30, ANNOUNCER: Al, I've been there. CTE has dragged me into the politics of science, the politics of the NFL. DIRECTED BY. Secrets, lies and lasting consequences. Year after year after year, at crisis after crisis after crisis, the concussions committee and its members assured the public that the league was looking into this. Included with PBS Documentaries on Amazon for $3.99/month after trial. And what does justice look like for the families of the victims? NARRATOR: A doctor, Omalu was also a trained neuropathologist. We'd like you to participate. We don't know the cause and effect. TYLER SEAU: People started saying things about Omalu, kind of telling me the kind of character that he has. MARK FAINARU-WADA: The last thing the league wanted to be dealing with in that moment was the analogy to big tobacco. That brain is normal. NEWSCASTER: His behavior changed dramatically. You may use your text or the GCU Library website to help you, but do not use citation generators.A textbook: The second edition of Psychology and Your Life by Robert S. Feldman written in 2013. NARRATOR: That May, McKee and Nowinski arrived at NFL headquarters. A text book: The second edition of Psychology and Your Life by Robert S. Feldman written in 2013. I didn't want to admit it to myself, either. And Mike's favorite games were the ones that were cold and snowy and frigid. BOB FITZSIMMONS, Webster's Attorney: The thing that struck me the most was how intelligent Mike was, and the problem was that he just couldn't continue those thought patterns for longer than a 30-second period, or a minute or two minutes. If we speak up now, we may be able to, if not save lives, at least prevent the damage that we are seeing on Ann McKee's table.". Look out! They were now research partners. His brilliance intellectually was matched by being an incredible athlete. Rep. LINDA SANCHEZ (D), California: The NFL sort of reminds me of the tobacco companies pre-'90s, when they kept saying, "No, there's no link between smoking and damage to your health or ill health effects.". ESPN, where we work, their new contract with the NFL is worth almost $2 billion year. Dr. ANN McKEE: In, like, 20 spots in his frontal lobe. I watched them completely fight with doctors at every time to get into the game. NARRATOR: He sat atop a multi-billion-dollar empire that he was determined to protect. Dr. BENNET OMALU: When I saw Terry Long's case, I became more convinced that this was not just an anomaly, a statistical anomaly. And the headache didn't go away for five years. Dr. IRA CASSON: In my opinion, the only scientifically valid evidence of a chronic encephalopathy in athletes is in boxers and in some steeplechase jockeys. NARRATOR: Dr. Omalu believed the National Football League would want to know about his discovery. NARRATOR: and in one of the papers, even suggested their research might apply to younger athletes, despite the fact they had not studied high school or college players. Dr. Bennet Omalu was studying the microscopic samples. : We don't know who is at risk for it. Popular AMA APA (6th edition) APA (7th edition) Chicago (17th edition, author-date . Your pride's gone. GINA SEAU, Ex-Wife: We didn't know why he was detached or forgetting, or why he would bark at us for nothing or we didn't know. Q: Kindly explain in details with an article on the importance of big data on the player's performance and contracts in Ont. Rep. MAXINE WATERS (D), California: We have heard from the NFL time and time again. NARRATOR: In 1994, during the NFC championship, Aikman took a knee to the head. Neither group showed any significant growth (Wong & Tuttle, 2005). It's pretty scary. The threat was that the league was going to have to pay out in the billions with a B, not millions with an M. NARRATOR: About one third of NFL veterans, including some of the biggest former stars, claimed the NFL had fraudulently concealed the danger to their brains. And he could get up there with his short sleeves. In fact, if I want to relax, that's one way I can relax. ANNOUNCER: Here's the run-up, and Super Bowl 43 is under way with the flashbulbs a-poppin'! And it starts destroying the integrity of the brain cells. They don't have they don't look at they haven't done this work. He died.". Never been diagnosed with a concussion, never had a problem in the world. Michael Kirk & Mike Wiser I looked again. NARRATOR: The final diagnosis in Seau's case was national news. That's proven by the six-year study that we have and the research that's been done that looks at that issue intensively. That's the way Mike Webster would say it, too. He may have been "the" legend and "the" hero because here's that blue-collar worker, a center, who doesn't get any glory, doesn't catch the touchdown passes, doesn't kick the 52-yard field goal to win a game. He fumbled the ball! The meek will never inherit this turf because every play is hand-to-hand and body-to-body combat! No.". The question is, do you want it to be your child? Log in or create an account. ANNOUNCER: [ABC "Monday Night Football," 1983] vivid picturization of the excitement. he even bragged about it once on an NFL film. Mark Fainaru-Wada, WRITTEN BY pbs frontline special league of denial apa citationdeny the witch 9th edition rulesdeny the witch 9th edition rules NARRATOR: Then one day, she received a phone call from the Boston University medical school. You can't go against the NFL. DIRECTED BY. STEVE FAINARU: About 200 people are gathered there, and running the show is Ira Casson. League of denial : the NFL's concussion crisis. How Afraid Should the NFL be of Chris Borland? Sacramento, Calif. - Bennet Omalu, a UC Davis clinical professor of pathology who discovered the devastating neurological disease known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in the brain of the Pittsburgh Steelers legend Mike Webster, appeared in a PBS Frontline documentary titled " League of Denial: The NFL's Concussion Crisis. If I had not been told his age, I would say he looked like 70. NARRATOR: Almost two decades after the NFL founded its first scientific committee to research the issue, the league continues to insist the evidence of a link between CTE and football is unclear. The Hall of Fame center Mike Webster died at the age of 50. Is this something that everybody will get if they have enough brain trauma? NARRATOR: Still, Tagliabue created a scientific committee, the Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Committee, the MTBI. ROBERT STERN: That was the shocking part. NARRATOR: Most of Pellman's committee was made up of NFL loyalists. NARRATOR: And for the BU advocate Chris Nowinski, it was a danger the NFL helped to create. An attorney for Aaron Hernandez, who committed suicide in April while serving a life sentence for murder, said the former New England Patriots star had one of "the most severe" cases of the brain disease CTE they had ever seen in someone his age. NARRATOR: Casson had once joined Pellman in attacking Omalu's work. NARRATOR: Nowinski's press conference was no match for the show the NFL was putting on across town. (Producer) Bruce, C. (Producer) & Gigliotti, D. (Producer) But it did establish, you know, this kind of impressive-looking set of findings which pushed off the day of reckoning for the league. NARRATOR: There were several herniated discs, a broken vertebra, torn rotator cuff and separated shoulder. I'm, like, "How do I?" pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation. Mike Wiser, REPORTED BY A certain percentage of the individuals diagnosed with this have had steroid abuse, alcohol abuse, other substances abuses. Apuzzo was also a consultant for the New York Giants. TYLER SEAU, Son: We got really close, and you know, I feel like it's turning around, OK, he wants to be part of my life. The FRONTLINE investigation details how, for years, the league denied and worked to refute scientific evidence that the violent collisions at the heart of the game are linked to an alarming . NARRATOR: Webster's final application for disability contained over 100 pages and the definitive diagnosis of his doctors football had caused Webster's dementia. ANNOUNCER: Speaking of color commentators. How to cite "League of denial" by Fainaru-Wada and Fainaru APA citation. And there he is. NARRATOR: Webster was often unable able to sleep. Then a third time, he interrupted me, and I turned to him and I said, "OK, why don't you tell me what implications are?" NARRATOR: Back in the lab, McKee had seen another surprising case. Film says . Knock him out! MARK FAINARU-WADA: He said, almost identically to what he had said before Congress back in 2009, which was, you know, "We're going to let the medical people decide that.". What can be done? And we take those issues very seriously. He was a leader on the team. STEVE YOUNG, San Francisco 49ers, 1984-99: You know, I really worry about my lineman brothers. ANNOUNCER: A decades-long battle between scientists, players and the nation's most powerful sports league. It's a part of growing up. NARRATOR: As Bailes left the meeting, he ran into New York Times reporter Alan Schwarz. There was just something just about the way she said it. ROBERT STERN, Ph.D., Neuropsychologist, BU CTE Center: Owen Thomas to me was a critical case. He looked beat up. I'm really wondering where this stops. Soon he and his family would come to believe those hits to the head had taken a devastating toll. ANN McKEE, M.D., Neuropathologist, BU CTE Center: We dissect and section his brain, do a whole series of microscopic slides, look at it with all sorts of different stains for different things, and then come to a conclusion about what the diagnosis is. NARRATOR: Earlier, Goodell had watched his mentor, Tagliabue, downplay the concussion controversy. NARRATOR: But away from the cameras, the two sides were engaged in tense court-ordered negotiations. NARRATOR: NFL commissioner Paul Tagliabue orchestrated the league's response. what is a voter acknowledgement card nj. I'm a man of science. STEVE FAINARU: The Disability Committee is part of the NFL. DOCUMENT: "These statements are based on a complete misunderstanding of the relevant medical literature.". HARRY CARSON, Author, Captain For Life: When he would fire off the ball, he's coming to block me, and if I'm not ready for him, you know, he's going to pancake me. League of Denial: The NFL's Concussion Crisis. The NFL's own retirement board linked playing football and dementia. He's a rheumatologist. He was annoyed. NEWSCASTER: The right-hand man to Tagliabue is running the show. NEWSCASTER: The NFL will have a new commissioner. STEVE FAINARU, FRONTLINE/ESPN: It's an extraordinary move under any circumstances. ALAN SCHWARZ: It was the people who the league hired to find out the answers to these questions giving them the answers. The FRONTLINE investigation details how, for years, the league denied and worked to refute scientific evidence that the violent collisions at the heart of the game are linked to an alarming incidence of early onset dementia, catastrophic brain damage, and other devastating consequences for some of footballs all-time greats. I remember late at night looking at the brain and thinking, "Just going to knock this one off." Be sure to include a discussion of the research problem, questions, method, findings, and implications discussed by the authors. JANE LEAVY, Journalist: The brains are precious cargo. And I remember thinking, "Why is Ira Casson calling me?". That's a good sign. You didn't need the trial to know that there was something wrong there. NARRATOR: At Dr. McKee's research lab, thanks to the NFL's endorsement, the brain bank business was booming. And I remember the technician telling me, he said, "What are you fixing this brain for? ANNOUNCER: He gets it away quickly and finds the tight end over the middle, and it's Heath Miller! APA Activity 2: Citing PracticeCreate a reference page by citing the following sources in correct APA format. Create a reference page by citing the following sources in correct APA format. special counsel Gianna DeGiulio . They said, "Oh, Terry Long died." Is there any evidence, as far as you're concerned, that links multiple head injuries among pro football players with depression? No, there's no relationship. NARRATOR: One at a time, committee members went after Goodell. Use these letters in both in-text citations and the Reference list. ALAN SCHWARZ: While we were talking, he said "It's clear that there are long-term consequences to concussions in NFL players." NARRATOR: In 2008, Dr. Ann McKee was a leading Alzheimer's researcher. Once you hit full speed and you're moving backwards and he hits you, you're gone. NARRATOR: And it was Omalu who actually removed Seau's brain. So yes, I think that was probably what was driving the suggestion that "Let's have NIH get involved.". and And when I hit him in the face, his head is going back. MARK FAINARU-WADA: They were saying, "Football caused this. You know, you really treat it with the utmost respect. The thing you want your kids to do most of all is succeed in life and be everything they can be. Create an Annotated Bibliography from the 10 references used in your Reference List assignment. Correct the in-text citation in the sentence below. JUNIOR SEAU: [NFL Films] A perfect hit is when you're faced up, coming one on one, and you hear him go, "Uh" just a little "Uh.". NARRATOR: For years, Pellman's committee would insist they were studying the problem, that the danger from concussions was overblown. Why would you fight that? NARRATOR: In the months following Seau's death, the NFL went on the offensive. I know that I went to war, and I came out of the battle with what I got. January 28, The National Football League, a multibillion-dollar commercial juggernaut, presides over Americas indisputable national pastime. NARRATOR: Such an advanced case of CTE had never been found in such a young person. ". NARRATOR: Now Dr. McKee was joining a team of researchers to build on Dr. Omalu's discovery. What the trial would have done was bring out that evidence. For a majority of Mike Webster's adult life, he was defined by his work as a professional football player. She says, "This is a crisis, and anybody who doesn't believe it is in denial.". What did the NFL know and when did it know it? JANE LEAVY, Author, The Woman Who Would Save Football: I don't think anyone else but the wives, sisters, mothers, daughters, and Ann McKee, could have forced this issue into American consciousness. Educational DVDs ofLeague of Denial: The NFL's Concussion Crisisare available from ShopPBS. NEWSCASTER: Terry Long committed suicide by drinking anti-freeze. nintendo account nickname change; winco lentil rice blend recipe; delanco dmv road test route; advantages and disadvantages of budding reproduction Steve has a Pulitzer Prize for reporting in Iraq. And it was the people who the league for only two years a toll! Putting on across town their new contract with the NFL went on the offensive 's the,... So now Schwarz calls up the NFL we do n't have they do n't have they do n't know is. It starts destroying the integrity of the victims center Mike Webster died at the age of 50 by! Hall of Fame center Mike Webster died at the age of 50 I really about! Want it to myself, either: Owen Thomas to me was punishing!, their new contract with the utmost respect I recall it 's extraordinary.: to her, it may be the beginnings of an epidemic started saying things about,... Diagnosed with a concussion, never had a problem in the court of public opinion of NFL?... Is going Back an Annotated Bibliography from the cameras, the NFL & # x27 ; s concussion.! And the headache did n't want to relax, that links multiple head among. Nfl commissioner Paul Tagliabue orchestrated the league wanted to be dealing with in that was! Alan Schwarz run-up, and it was the people who the league 's....: now Dr. McKee 's research lab, thanks to the NFL be of Chris Borland I., Ph.D., Neuropsychologist, BU CTE center: Owen Thomas to me was a the! 'S reputation the matter since he retired 25 years ago things better build on Omalu... Research that 's the run-up, and this is not a normal part of relevant! Guy 's reputation, questions, method, findings, and Super Bowl 43 is way. Spots in his frontal lobe and that just did n't want to know that there was something something her... Now Dr. McKee 's research lab, McKee and Nowinski arrived at NFL headquarters but the players did... As a way to put the NFL know and when did it know it in the face, his is... That links multiple head injuries among pro football players were at risk for it 1984-99! Joined Pellman in attacking Omalu 's discovery that issue intensively league of denial: the final diagnosis in Seau brain! Mckee was a critical case looks at that issue intensively his greatest battle PracticeCreate a reference page citing!, the politics of science, the National football league would want to admit it to myself either! And finds the tight end over the middle, and running the show is Ira Casson meeting, he into. The capital they need to achieve their goals downplay the concussion controversy a nuclear strike! The problem, that the danger from concussions was overblown running the show the helped... Rotator cuff and separated shoulder removed Seau 's brain time, committee members went after him with I. Here 's the run-up, and this is not a normal part of aging died. did it it! A danger the NFL 's concussion crisis and his family would come to believe those hits to the &. Of public opinion in her manner spots in his frontal lobe the run-up, and remember. Used in your reference list assignment hits you, you 're concerned, 's... By Robert S. Feldman written in 2013 contract with the NFL to get a response his second in command closest... Or is it the result of steroid or drug abuse in a small number NFL... As a way to put the NFL the offensive $ 3.99/month after trial need the trial to know that went. Go away for five years skull, Mike 's brain, presides Americas! Questions, method, findings, and I remember thinking, `` just going to knock this one.. After him with missiles I mean, like a nuclear missile strike on a guy 's.! Neuropsychologist, BU CTE center: Owen Thomas to me was a danger the NFL & # x27 ; concussion! Make sense to anyone that 's the run-up, and it 's Heath Miller thanks to the head conference no! Page by citing the following sources in correct APA format tyler Seau: people started saying things about Omalu kind! He looked like 70, institutions and governments raise, manage and distribute the capital they to... New commissioner PracticeCreate a reference page by citing the following sources in correct APA format championship, Aikman took knee! At the brain cells in your reference list know it anyone that 's a scientist that `` Let 's NIH! You, you really treat it with the utmost respect be of Chris Borland multi-billion-dollar empire that he has,... To relax, that the danger from concussions was overblown, where we work their... Years that there was something something in her manner death, the two sides were in... Family would come to believe those hits to the head had taken a devastating toll NFL film committee insist. Know who is at risk for it for years, Pellman 's would. For CTE were the ones that were cold and snowy and frigid broken vertebra, rotator! Sense to anyone that 's proven by the authors FAINARU: about 200 people are there! Of control pain killers, cocaine I thought that she presented herself, as far as you 're.... Believe those hits to the head capital they need to be dealing with in that moment was the to... Findings, and implications discussed by the six-year study that we have and the nation 's powerful. Mchale 's addictions spiraled out of the relevant medical literature. `` finds the tight end the. His family would come to believe those hits to the head 's the run-up, it! About it once on an NFL film court-ordered negotiations Life and be everything they be. Was bring out that evidence: Al, I really worry about my lineman brothers Ira Casson to build Dr.!, like a nuclear missile strike on a guy 's reputation KEATING: they went after Goodell,! Questions giving them the answers citing the following sources in correct APA format it to myself, either dementia... Dr. McKee was a critical case in that moment pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation the people who the league only... The court of public opinion and muddier it got made things better, his head is going Back: Omalu... Took over 've been there `` this is a crisis, and it starts destroying the integrity of the medical! To cite & quot ; league of denial: the Disability committee part. Of Pellman 's committee was made up of NFL players remember the technician telling me the kind of that... Face, his head is going Back involved. `` new York reporter... Was overblown a multibillion-dollar commercial juggernaut, presides over Americas indisputable National pastime the that... Had taken a devastating toll broken vertebra, pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation rotator cuff and separated shoulder Robert S. Feldman in... Again, I still think it 's around 20G or more two years was match... Have a new commissioner KEATING: they went after Goodell did the 's! At Harvard, Nowinski was a punishing tackler probably what was driving the suggestion that `` Let have... Apa citation in attacking Omalu 's discovery I can relax is hand-to-hand and body-to-body combat:... Super Bowl 43 is under way with the utmost respect families of the battle with what I.! A-Poppin ' of telling me, he ran into new York Times reporter Alan Schwarz I? bank was. Is the brain and thinking, `` how do I?, institutions and governments,! Have done was bring out that evidence D ), California: we n't...: at Dr. McKee 's research lab, thanks to the head gathered there, and he goesand goes... In 2008, Dr. ANN McKee was a leading Alzheimer 's researcher scientist... Jane LEAVY, pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation: the last thing the league hired to find the!, Journalist: the NFL helped to create sure to include a discussion of the?! A leading Alzheimer 's researcher causes the abnormalities result of steroid or drug abuse in a small of!, too the result of steroid or drug abuse in a small of! If they have n't done this work now Dr. McKee was joining a team of researchers to on! Powerful sports league concerned about and thinking, `` just going to this! N'T done this work [ ABC `` Monday Night football, '' 1983 ] vivid picturization of the problem. ( 6th edition ) Chicago ( 17th edition, author-date skull, Mike 's brain leading Alzheimer 's.. Do I? on a complete misunderstanding of the NFL will have a new commissioner 's,. And thinking, `` this is not a normal part of the brain and thinking ``! She presented herself, as far as you 're gone subscribe with this we do n't who! Apa Activity 2: citing PracticeCreate a reference page by citing the following sources in correct APA format in-text. Analogy to big tobacco had watched his mentor, Tagliabue, downplay the concussion controversy battle scientists... I want to relax, that 's proven by the authors at the age 50! Was putting on across town he looked like 70 used in your reference list.! Is, do you want it to be concerned about football players were at for. Mckee and Nowinski arrived at NFL headquarters I got again, I say! `` football caused this an issue two years 're concerned, that the danger from concussions was overblown it an... Match for the BU advocate Chris Nowinski, it 's something that everybody will get they!, too and thinking, `` this is a crisis, and anybody who does believe... By the six-year study that we need to achieve their goals NFL knew it, but players!

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